STUDY IN USA
- Why USA?
- Student Visa Requirement
- Tuition Fees and Scholarships
- Education in USA
- Popular Courses in USA
- Culture and Social Demographics
- Language and Religion
- Health Insurance for International Students
- Popular Job Sectors
- Geography and Best Places
The United States is known for its opportunities, creativity, and high standards in education. People from various countries, Nepal included, aspire to pursue their education there. The nation serves as a resource for Nepalese students aspiring to achieve great success in their professional lives.
America provides a one-of-a-kind educational experience, with top-ranked universities and a flexible curriculum credit system that fosters cultural diversity and abundant resources. Therefore, thousands of students apply for visas each year with the hope of pursuing their studies.
Nevertheless, students must be aware of numerous facets of studying in the USA. This page/article aims to offer details about the topic, covering reasons to study there, visa requirements, and the cost of studying.
It is unwise to choose a country to study in without carefully considering the process. Hence, students need to familiarize themselves with all the aspects of the USA - its education system, expenses, and financial aid opportunities - before submitting their applications. Their first question should be, "What are the reasons for selecting the USA as a study destination?"
The USA is a prominent leader worldwide in the fields of research and innovation. This implies that students can participate in innovative research in different thematic areas, such as academia, industry, or technology-related research.
Below are the reasons for why attending universities in the USA is optimal for Nepali students:
Numerous Courses to Choose From
American universities provide a diverse range of classes for Nepali students. The exclusive programs can be found only on this platform. Scholars have vast options when choosing a major, no matter their field of study.
Innovative Activities
In the USA, students seeking degrees can work, learn, and engage in research due to the educational system. Apart from universities, other institutions in the nation also encourage students to participate in different creative endeavors.
Career Advancement and Internships
Internship opportunities can be found at universities in the USA to help students start their professional careers. Many scholars take part in internships to acquire hands-on experience and improve their chances of securing higher-paying jobs post-graduation.
Furthermore, American universities offer various services to support international students in and out of the classroom. Most schools have departments dedicated to assisting international students. These organizations offer assistance with improving English skills, visa issues, financial support, and adapting to a new culture.
Cultural Diversity
The majority of international students from various backgrounds and cultures make up the student population in US universities. Therefore, Nepali students are immersed in various cultural traditions, equipping them for the interconnected global society we currently live in.
Cutting-Edge Facilities and Resources
The universities in the USA have advanced laboratories featuring technologies and equipment not commonly found in other institutions. Engineering, astronomy, nanotechnology, and artificial intelligence are some instances of this. Attending school in the United States enables students to have access to all of these opportunities.
Personal Growth and Independence
Being in a new country and experiencing various cultures challenges students to step out of their comfort zone. In order to pursue education in the United States, students must venture away from their homes and acquire new skills such as budgeting, cooking, balancing work and academics, and other important aspects of life. This will allow them to be self-reliant and contribute to their self-development.
Key Points to Study in the USA
- Level of Degrees Students can Enroll in
- Diploma
- Undergraduate
- Post Graduate Diploma
- Post Graduate
- Doctoral
- Visa Type: F-1 Academic Visa
- Cost of Study: Est. $20,000 to $70,000
- Living Cost: Est. $800 to $1,500 per month
- Scholarships: Available
- Intake: 3 intakes
- January/Spring
- May/Summer
- September/Fall
Advantages of pursuing education in the United States for Nepali students
Although facing numerous obstacles, Nepalese students find studying in the USA to be highly beneficial. Students will have the opportunity to receive top-notch education, participate in research projects, and select from various courses to help shape their future careers. The main advantage is the development of both personal and professional skills. Additionally, it is advantageous for the following reasons:
- Excellence in the Academic Field
- Research Opportunities
- Thousands of Courses to Choose From
- Top-class Universities
- Promising Career
- Global Recognition
- Internship Chances
Any individual intending to enroll in a school in the United States may be eligible for either an F1 Visa, J1 Visa, or M1 Visa, which are three types of international student visas. You might be curious about what kind of visa is necessary to work in the US as an international student. While there is a chance to work with F1 and J1 visas, there is no assurance of employment. Nonetheless, employment is not allowed under the M1 Visa. By reading our detailed explanations of each type, you can gain further insight into how these three foreign student visa categories will impact your life in the USA.
Different categories of visas available for entry into the United States are:
F1 Visa - Academic Studies
In order to pursue academic studies, you must have an "F" visa. Students attending an academic program or English language program receive an F1 visa. F1 visas make up the largest portion of international student visas granted in the United States. F1 students must uphold the necessary number of courses to stay registered as full-time students. F1 status allows for part-time work on campus, with a limit of less than 20 hours per week. Furthermore, students are given a grace period of one year following the completion of their academic program to participate in optional practical training (OPT). Students need to finish their studies before the expiration date on the I-20 form (Certificate of Eligibility for Non-immigrant Student Status).
J1 Visa - Practical Training
A J1 visa is given to students who require hands-on training that is not offered in their home country to finish their studies. The J-1 student status permits comparable employment opportunities as the F1 visa, with equivalent limitations, as long as authorization is granted by the exchange visitor program sponsor.
M1 Visa - Non-Academic / Vocational Studies
An M1 visa is given to a student attending a non-academic or vocational institution. M-1 visa holders in technical and vocational programs are not allowed to work while studying. Applicants for the M-1 student visa must show proof of having enough money readily accessible to cover all expenses for tuition and living throughout their planned stay.
How to apply for F1 Student VISA?
Universities have different procedures for admissions. You will receive information from your university on what is necessary for them to evaluate your academic eligibility. You must prove to the school that you can financially support yourself during your enrollment without needing to work, among other requirements. Proof of health insurance may also be required to cover expenses for any needed medical treatment. After confirming that your application is full and you meet academic requirements, the university will provide you with an I-20 form for your student visa application.
Individuals seeking student visas should typically submit their application at the U.S. Embassy or Consulate that has authority over their permanent address. This is typically the country where you reside - your country of origin. While visa seekers can submit their applications at any U.S. consulate overseas, it might be harder to meet the requirements for a visa if applying outside their home country.
You can arrange your F1 visa interview with either the American embassy or consulate. It is advisable to submit your visa application early as the waiting times for interview appointments can differ based on location, season, and visa type. Before the beginning of your academic term, you have the option to obtain an F1 student visa for the United States, with a maximum validity of 120 days. You can only travel to the US on an F1 visa 30 days before your start date.
You are required to present the documents listed below at your F1 visa interview:
- A valid passport
- Form DS-160, Non-immigrant Visa Application
- The payment receipt for the application fee
- A passport photo.
- A Certificate of Non-immigrant Eligibility (F1) Educator Status (Form 1-20)
For the F1 student visa, you may need academic transcripts, diplomas, degrees, or certificates to prove your eligibility. Documentation of your intention to depart the United States after completing your program and proof of financial stability, as well as test scores from exams like TOEFL, SAT, GRE, or GMAT, may be necessary.
Process for applying student VISA in USA
- Once the colleges you applied to have approved your application. They will contact you with an offer letter to confirm your acceptance, after which you must complete either the I-20 form for an F-1 visa or the DS-2019 form for a J-1 visa.
- You have the option to request a visa from the American embassy in Nepal (https://np.usembassy.gov/) Student Visas may be granted 120 days prior to the I-20 form date. Exchange Visitor Visas can be granted at any point prior to the DS-2019's expiration date.
- Once you have completed the necessary paperwork, it is essential to schedule a visa interview. You must also make payment of the specified fee.
- Be ready for your Visa Interview
Qualification to apply student VISA in USA
When applying for your student visa for the United States, the following documents are usually necessary:
- A passport must be up-to-date and valid for at least six months past your stay in the US, unless exempted by specific country agreements.
- Your acceptance from an SEVP-approved school and Form I-20. The fee for the SEVIS application has been taken care of.
Application Processing Time
- The processing time for a US visa varies depending on the specific type of visa you are seeking. It takes 3 to 5 weeks to process a US visa application. The applicant might get a positive reply for their application after it is processed, and the consulate will provide the document. It might take two more business days for the visa to be delivered.
- Section 221(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) can result in a 60-day processing period post-visa interview for denied applications. On some occasions, the processing period might exceed six months.
- Those who need to provide a waiver of ineligibility for a visa approval should expect a wait of 6 to 8 months after their interview for a decision.
- In relation to other visas, the F-1 visa has a much shorter processing time. This type of visa is approved before your interview. The final decision of granting an F-1 visa is made by the US Embassy after conducting an interview.
- Following the interview, you can expect to receive a reply about the visa, the interviewer may either offer congratulations for obtaining the visa or provide a letter explaining the reasons for rejection. Nevertheless, there are times when it takes a few days to receive a response and process the F-1 visa, so it is important to be patient in those situations.
Approximately 70 percent of the overall cost is made up of the tuition fee. Some universities increase their fees annually, so make sure to research thoroughly before applying or opt for universities with fixed costs instead of those with increasing costs. The approximate amount of money needed for tuition fees is mentioned for the year 2023.
The public universities offer the most inexpensive tuition fees. State-funded universities receive financial support from the government, while self-owned sources provide funding for private universities.
Universities with annual tuition of 20,000 - 30,000 USD
- University of Buffalo
- Binghamton New York
- University of Minnesota
- University of North Dakota
- University of Florida
- Ohio State University
Universities with annual tuition of 40,000 - 50,000 USD
- Harvard University
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Columbia University
- University of Michigan
Universities with annual tuition of more than 50,000 USD
- The University of Pennsylvania
- Yale University
- Boston University
- New York University
- University of California, Los Angels
- Duke University
International students pay between 25000 and 45000 USD for undergraduate courses at both graduate and undergraduate levels. The cost of postgraduate programs varies from 20000 to 50000 USD.
Scholarship offered by universities in the United States of America
- Financial Aid - This is a scholarship based on financial need where universities will request all your financial records along with those of your family.
- Merit Scholarship - In order to receive the Merit Scholarship, you must excel in either GPA/test scores, extracurricular activities, your application, or have a strong letter of recommendation among other criteria. You must strive to be the very best.
Tips for obtaining scholarships
- Apply to a small number of universities where you rank high in GPA or extracurricular activities.
- Ensure that these universities provide scholarships based on merit.
- Determine whether a specific form needs to be completed in order to apply for scholarships as a candidate.
- Make sure to be mindful of the deadline and avoid rushing your application submission.
In the USA, scholarships are an integral part of the education system. Students from all over the globe have the opportunity to receive scholarships from different fields. Government funding and scholarships from public or private universities are highly sought after.
Scholarship eligibility in the USA differs based on student accomplishments and involvement in extracurricular activities. Students need to carefully review the eligibility requirements to determine if they meet them.
Here are some scholarships along with their amount and eligibility requirements:
| # | Scholarship Program | Scholarship Amount | Eligibility |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Fulbright Foreign Student Program | Varies (full or partial funding) | International students pursuing master’s degree |
| 2 | Hubert H. Humphrey Fellowship Program | Varies (full funding) | Mid-career professionals in multiple sectors |
| 3 | AAUW International Fellowships | $18,000 - $30,000 | Women pursuing bachelor’s or master’s degree |
| 4 | Rotary Foundation Global Grants | Varies | Various fields of study and humanitarian work |
| 5 | Gates Millennium Scholars Program | Varies (full funding) | Underrepresented minority students |
In the United States, education is offered in public, private, and homeschool settings. Education is mandatory until the age of sixteen. Moreover, Graduate and Undergraduate education, along with Vocational learning for continuing education, are considered mainstream forms of education. America is the location where you can find top-tier universities like Harvard, Stanford, UC Berkeley, UPenn, UNC Chapel Hill, UW Madison, Georgetown, U of A, and more.
Most international students choose the USA as their destination for education and work. They have the option to select from a diverse range of topics and can also seek scholarships to receive exemptions in college tuition costs as well as secure a Permanent Residency VISA after a certain period of residency.
What is the reason for studying in the USA? International Student Handbook
1. Freedom in selecting a major
According to U.S. News & World Report, 48 out of the top 100 universities globally are situated in this place. While there are many distinctive features of American schools, the majority of students agree that one of the best aspects of studying here is the academic flexibility.
Typically, students in the United States do not need to declare a major until the completion of their second year of study in education. Many students will use these two years to explore their academic interests before making a decision on their major, staying undeclared or unsure about their choice.
In some countries, students are required to declare their major when applying, or they need to apply and get accepted by the specific college within the university.
2. Enrolling in a variety of general education courses
The majority of American universities mandate students to complete general education courses or engage in significant participation in order to investigate subjects beyond their major or specialized field of study. These courses, spanning from physics to writing, are also referred to as "liberal arts," and they ensure that you graduate with a comprehensive education. Moreover, they provide the time and information necessary for you to carefully select your major. Your basic education classes could help you discover a passion or talent you didn't know you had.
3. Career advancement and internships are emphasized
University internship programs in the USA are offered as a way to kickstart your career in a professional setting. To acquire hands-on experience and secure higher-paying jobs post-graduation, numerous college students engage in internships during their academic years. Whether you choose to work in the US after graduating or go back to your home country, your American education will significantly impact your future success.
4. Participating fully in campus life
The campus community is just one of the numerous advantages of studying in the USA. American universities and colleges offer diverse extracurricular activities for students right on campus. You will be able to participate in a range of clubs and organizations at school, such as those for sports, music, drama, creative activities, sororities/fraternities, and community service. Going to school in the United States offers numerous chances to participate if you desire an active and exciting campus life.
5. The variety of students on campus
The United States is one of the countries that has the most diverse cultures. International students come to the United States from various countries to pursue their studies. If you choose to study in the USA, you will be able to learn new languages, meet new people, and immerse yourself in different cultures on a daily basis.
6. Specialized assistance and services for students from abroad
American universities offer various support services to help international students academically and non-academically. Most schools have departments that assist international students. While you are enrolled in an overseas program in the United States, these organizations can assist you with improving your English skills, resolving visa issues, securing financial assistance, and navigating cultural adaptation. Furthermore, American organizations offer various resources to students such as mental health services and career services.
The education system in the USA for international students
The experience of attending college in America is extraordinary. Students from various countries can choose from a wide range of study options in this nation, which is known for its prestigious universities and unique specialty schools.
How it functions? - In the United States, higher education is provided by three main types of institutions:
- Community or Junior College - Community colleges offer cost-effective two-year associate degrees. After graduating, you have the option to pursue a bachelor's degree at a university for an additional two years.
- Vocational Institutes - Vocational schools are a great choice for students seeking hands-on education and job skills training. They provide brief, career-focused programs to train individuals for careers such as dental hygienist, civil engineer, and chef, among others, that do not necessitate a degree but do require training.
- Collegiate Institutions (Universities) - The basic structure of undergraduate education in the US is built on the liberal arts and sciences model. Students can obtain a bachelor's degree by accumulating a specific amount of credits in their major field of study, as well as credits from various other courses. Credit hours are defined as the amount of time spent in a classroom on a weekly basis. In every program, students are able to accumulate a specific amount of credits, and each school has its own criteria for the total credits necessary for graduation.
Graduate Programs
In some countries, postgraduate institutions are commonly known as graduate schools. Frequently, graduate programs are affiliated with a university that grants bachelor's degrees to students in their undergraduate studies. These establishments offer both Master's and Doctorate level qualifications. In the USA, education is divided into two main subcategories: master's and doctorate programs.
In the USA, there are many different areas of focus available for master's programs, with two main types of courses: Academic and professional.
The most prestigious degree that can be obtained in the US is the doctorate.
School Year
The usual schedule for universities and colleges is from August to December and from January to April. Summer school courses are offered from May to August.
The duration of undergraduate degrees varies between three and four years, depending on the university. Usually, master's programs range from one to two years in duration.
Doctoral or Ph.D. programs generally span from four to seven years, slightly exceeding the duration in comparison to other countries. A standard doctoral degree consists of several stages, such as classes, qualifying exams, and eventually doctoral candidacy, where candidates focus on their dissertation.
Methods of learning and teaching in the USA
American universities highly prioritize diversity, so classes usually consist of students from various ages, religions, and nationalities. This fosters a dynamic and diverse learning atmosphere that encourages connections and cross-cultural awareness.
America is a highly sought-after destination for studying abroad due to its focus on hands-on education that encourages independent, innovative thinking and discussion.
Instead of just teaching you facts to memorize, your teachers will make sure you fully understand the subject. It is required that you come up with your own ideas and present them to the class. The emphasis is on developing education and critical thinking skills instead of just focusing on grades and exam success.
Lectures and tutorials are both utilized in the courses at the university. As many as 200 students from different courses in the region may participate in the lecture. Typically, there are approximately 30 students in a tutorial session on average. You will discuss lecture topics with the professor during tutorials.
The students find it easy to approach the professors for any issues as they are highly accessible.
Millions of students worldwide dream of attending universities in the United States. Moreover, it is unquestionably the place of endless opportunities for individuals seeking top-notch skills. You can attend top-ranked colleges in the USA that are well-respected by professionals and mentors. Several US courses are famous internationally.
Business Courses
More than 20% of international students studying in the United States excel in business courses, highly respected areas of study. Most colleges in the USA are ranked in the top business school lists by both FT and The Economist. The most passionate students can be found at prestigious universities such as Harvard, Wharton, and Columbia.
Engineering
STEM is a branch of engineering that is famous for attracting a significant amount of attention from students worldwide. Engineering programs in the USA are top-notch, with a majority of engineering schools receiving the highest QS rating, comparable to the Business sector. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is commonly considered the top college and is often the first choice. Engineering programs are considered to be among the highest paying courses globally, coming in second after business programs.
Math and Computer Science
Mathematics and computer science are a large part of STEM subjects and are utilized to attract many students worldwide. It significantly boosts the proportion of international students in the US to more than 30%. Again, renowned universities such as MIT, Stanford, and Harvard are cited. Computer science has one of the top MS programs in the United States.
Social Sciences
Because of the extensive range that social sciences encompass in the USA, these courses are also considered top-notch. Choices include anthropology, journalism, economics, and international relations. There are numerous job opportunities available in the United States, with a belief that this training is highly sought after across the country.
Biology and Medicine
The highest-ranked courses are also within the fields of biology and medicine. Recently, there has been a rise in popularity among students who are transitioning from traditional fields to integrated courses in American colleges in order to broaden their scope.
Development of skills and selection of career paths
Career development is the act of selecting a profession, honing your skills, and advancing in your chosen field. Acquiring knowledge and making choices as you go through life can bring you closer to your desired career, strengths, and lifestyle.
Career development could start when a person is relatively young and just beginning to explore different paths to earn a living. It is a phase of human development that may require a lifetime to finish.
For example, this process starts when a child understands that certain individuals work as doctors, firefighters, or mail carriers. As children progress through elementary school and begin to explore potential career options, this process carries on into adulthood when individuals ultimately decide on a job.
Highest-paid courses in the USA
Deciding to pursue higher education by attending college and earning a bachelor's degree can be advantageous. In the first quarter of 2022, full-time workers aged 25 and older with a bachelor's degree earned a median weekly pay of $1,525, while those with just a high school diploma earned $827. This data is sourced from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Individuals who have graduated with certain degrees, especially in engineering, have the potential to receive high starting salaries. The Online Salary survey, which represents the entire nation, reveals the top 10 college majors for bachelor's degree graduates and the universities with graduates earning the highest median starting salaries in each field.
- Applied Mathematics
- Average initial salary: $71,000
- This major has the highest median starting income among alumni from one college: California State University, Berkeley.
- Rank 22 in National Universities according to U.S. News Best Colleges.
- Upon graduating from UC Berkeley, students can anticipate an average starting salary of $77,600.
- Industrial Engineering
- Average starting salary of $71,200
- According to U.S. News, the University of Michigan-Ann Arbor has the top starting salary for graduates in this field. Twenty-three National Universities are ranked as some of the top colleges.
- University of Michigan—Ann Arbor graduates starting salary averages at $84,000.
- Materials Engineering and Science
- Average starting salary is $71,300.
- The Virginia Tech has the highest median starting income for graduates in this major compared to alumni from other colleges.
- According to U.S. News Best Colleges, National Universities rank in a tie for the 75th position.
- Virginia Tech graduates can anticipate earning a starting salary of $73,000 at the median.
- Biomedical Engineering
- Average initial annual pay is $71,400.
- This major has the highest median starting income among graduates from a college, the California Polytechnic State University campus in San Luis Obispo.
- U.S. News Best Colleges (West) ranks Regional Universities as the second best.
- On average, graduates of California Polytechnic State University-San Luis Obispo start off with an income of $81,400.
- Chemical Engineering
- The average starting salary is $75,200.
- The graduates from Massachusetts Institute of Technology have the highest median starting income for this specific major.
- According to U.S. News Best Colleges rankings, National Universities tie for second place.
- Individuals who graduate from MIT can anticipate earning an average starting salary of $86,600.
- Computer Science
- Average initial salary is $77,300.
- Stanford University's alumni in this major have the highest median starting salary among all graduates (CA).
- According to U.S. News Best Colleges, National Universities are ranked sixth (tied)
- The initial salary for graduates in this field from Stanford University is usually $119,000.
Historically, the United States has been a country founded by immigrants. Many indigenous individuals lived in the large region that is now known as the United States of America for many years. In the 17th century, colonists and European settlers eventually appeared. The original United States consisted of 13 colonies, all of which had their own governments. When the British government imposed taxes on them without providing representation in Parliament, problems started to emerge. The Declaration of Independence was embraced by the American colonies on July 4, 1776, igniting the American Revolution (1775–1781). The American Constitution was approved in 1778, and George Washington became the first president in 1779.
After that, the United States experienced substantial growth, expanded towards the west, and encountered various racial disputes, the Civil War, and World War II. The economy of the new country expanded, making it the biggest economy globally and establishing it as the most dominant nation in the world. People from around the globe have moved to the nation in search of improved living conditions, leading to a greatly varied population.
Tradition
Approximately 70-78% of people living in the United States consider themselves to be Christians. Even though Catholicism is the predominant religion, all Protestant denominations such as Baptists, Methodists, Lutherans, and Presbyterians collectively have a larger following than Catholics. Judaism is the most widespread non-Christian religion at approximately 1.6%, with Islam following at around 0.5%, along with other notable faiths such as Buddhism and Sikhism. The Mormons and Shakers are Christian movements that were founded in the USA. In the United States, 15% of individuals consider themselves atheists. Even though it is a secular country, politics, particularly at the presidential level, is greatly affected by religion.
Thanksgiving is possibly the most famous holiday in America. The festival typically includes a family gathering and a large meal. Gratitude for one's possessions is a customary practice. Independence Day, also referred to as the Fourth of July, celebrates the approval of the American Declaration of Independence. It is important to recognize other popular holidays, such as Christmas, St. Patrick's Day, and Halloween.
Social Demography in the USA
About 4.5% of the global population lives in the US, which is the third most populous country. The population of the United States has more than doubled from 152.3 million in 1950 to 308.7 million. The population's qualitative composition has shifted since 1950, not just in quantity. As per the Population Reference Bureau, the United States is aging, expanding, and becoming more varied. This report intends to showcase demographic shifts post-1950 and their implications on the country's future until 2050.
The United States' dimensions are growing. Population growth in the United States is a consequence of prolonged patterns involving increasing birth rates, decreasing death rates, and growing net immigration. The aging of the American population is increasing. Both the number and demographic characteristics such as age and gender of individuals are essential factors for public policy. This study demonstrates a significant demographic shift in the United States through the fast increase in the proportion of individuals aged 65 and older and the rise in the population's median age.
Due to immigration's substantial effects on the U.S. population's size and age distribution, the nation is becoming increasingly diverse in terms of race and ethnicity. This section analyzes the changing demographics of the five primary racial categories in the U.S. Furthermore, changes in the demographic composition of the population, specifically focusing on individuals of Hispanic or Latino descent, are examined. While this report may not discuss specific policy measures for the changing demographic profile, it is important to recognize that culture and demographic trends will greatly affect the economic and social aspects that shape the future well-being of society.
If policymakers speed up their actions to tackle and adjust to the changing population profile in relation to various important areas, such as:
- Employment, retiring, retirement funds, personal assets, and financial stability.
- The relationship between the federal budget and fairness across generations.
- Health, medical care, and expenses related to health.
- The welfare and physical condition of the elderly
There are many grounds to expect that the United States will be capable of managing the current and future demographic shifts.
The USA's History of its Land and People
American Indians and Alaskan Native Peoples inhabited well-structured societies with varied forms of governance in the area now known as the United States prior to the arrival of Europeans (pre-1492). Indian Nations donated millions of acres of land in the Lower 48 contiguous states to the newly established government, playing a role in shaping the modern United States. The issue of land status was talked about during statehood talks in Alaska and Hawaii. Conquest and treaty settlements were also used to acquire lands from Mexico, Canada, Russia, Spain, France, and England (which they had previously acquired through conquest and treaty settlements from the natives). The origin of termination and colonization laid the initial groundwork for the federal ownership and legal rights to the majority of this territory.
In 1781, New York relinquished its claim to unpopulated land up to the Mississippi River to the federal government, leading to the creation of the first public lands. By 1802, all the land west of the colonies, from the Appalachian Mountains to the Mississippi River, was owned by the federal government, as the other colonies followed New York's example. The United States acquired the Louisiana Purchase, the Mexican Cession, the Gadsden Purchase, and the Alaska Purchase, giving them control of land westward to the Pacific Ocean from 1781 to 1867. The original 1.8 billion acres of public domain property. Out of the original 1.8 billion acres of public domain bought by the United States, two-thirds were ultimately distributed to individuals, companies, and states. Additional portions were allocated for military bases, federal lands designated for Native American Tribes, national forests, wildlife sanctuaries, and national parks and monuments.
Congress passed legislation in the 1800s that permitted the transfer of public lands to residents, states, and private businesses in order to stimulate settlement and development of the Western region. In 1812, the General Land Office (GLO) was created by the Department of the Treasury to oversee the surveying and selling of public lands and to manage federal land records, leading to the formation of the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) in the future. District Land Offices were set up in settlement areas in order to coordinate and oversee settlement activities. The District Land Office closed down after most of the lands in each territory were claimed. Later, additional offices were established in the western region, which was just beginning to be populated.
Migration
In terms of immigrants, the United States surpasses all other countries by a significant margin. More than 40 million Americans, which is roughly one-fifth of the world's migrants, were not born in the United States. Furthermore, the immigrant population is extremely varied, consisting of individuals from almost every country around the globe. In 2018, a total of 44.8 million individuals in the United States were foreign-born. The amount of immigrants living in the United States has increased by over two times since 1965, when U.S. immigration laws replaced a national quota system. Today, the percentage of immigrants in America is 13.7%, which is approximately three times higher than the percentage in 1970, which was 4.8%. In 1890, the United States had a total of 9.2 million immigrants, which accounted for 14.8% of the population.
The majority of immigrants residing in the United States hail from Mexico. In 2018, approximately 11.2 million immigrants resided in the United States, accounting for a quarter of the total immigrant population. The largest origin groups listed were from China (6%), India (6%), the Philippines (4%), and El Salvador (3%). Similar to the 25% of immigrants from Mexico, immigrants from Asia as a whole accounted for 28% of all immigrants. Smaller proportions are seen in regions such as the Caribbean (10%), Central America (8%), South America (7%), the Middle East and North Africa (4%), and sub-Saharan Africa (5%). Europe, Canada, and other countries in North America (13%) as well as the Caribbean (8%).
Every year, over 1 million immigrants come into the country. In the United States in 2018, 149,000 new immigrants came from China, with India, Mexico, and the Philippines following closely with 129,000, 120,000, and 100,000 immigrants respectively. (46 thousand). Starting in 2009, Asian immigrants surpassed Hispanic immigrants in terms of race and ethnicity. After the Great Recession, there was a decrease in immigration from Latin America, with a particular slowdown in immigrants coming from Mexico, where there has been a notable increase in both arrivals and departures.
Asian immigrants are projected to surpass Hispanics as the largest immigrant group in the United States by the year 2055. As per the Pew Research Center estimates, in 2065, Asian individuals would account for approximately 38% of total immigrants, with Hispanics at 31%, Whites at 20%, and Blacks at 9%.
Economy
It is expected that the GDP growth rate will decrease from its current high levels to 2.5% in 2022 and 1.2% in 2023. Due to the impacts of the conflict in Ukraine and the COVID-related restrictions in China, it could be a while before supply issues are entirely resolved. Even with more people rejoining the workforce because of reduced health risks and higher wages, wage growth will remain robust. At the conclusion of 2023, inflation is expected to remain above the Federal Reserve's target of 2%.
The coronavirus pandemic's worldwide reach halted the longest period of growth. The economy experienced a major disruption, comparable to wartime, as a result of the containment measures implemented, leading to exceptionally high rates of unemployment. A prompt and substantial government response was implemented to shield individuals and companies from the worst effects of this crisis. As the economy bounces back from the shutdown, there will be heightened strain on public finances. Nevertheless, policy assistance should continue to be provided as long as the economy is significantly below its full capacity. Maintaining sanitary measures until the coronavirus is eliminated could hinder the already slow productivity growth, while the aging population will further decrease the workforce.
Hence, the government must continue focusing on structural reforms that increase productive forces, particularly by eliminating regulatory barriers hindering productivity growth. Efforts to help Americans find new jobs and develop the skills needed for new job opportunities will contribute to a resurgence of the high levels of prosperity seen in the past.
The United States of America is known for its linguistic diversity, with approximately 350 to 430 different languages spoken within the country. Despite the absence of an official federal language, English and other indigenous languages have been declared official in many states. In the 2018 American Community Survey, over 78% of individuals exclusively used English as their spoken language in their households. The US has almost 40 million Spanish speakers, only surpassed by Mexico, Colombia, Argentina, and Spain in number of Spanish speakers. Out of the 65 million individuals who speak a language other than English, approximately 26 million say they don't speak English very well.
Out of the 308.8 million individuals aged five and over in 2019, approximately 78% (241 million) reported that they exclusively used English as their primary language at home, irrespective of their place of birth. Approximately 22% of individuals, totaling 67.8 million people, reported speaking a non-English language in their household. Based on these statistics, Mandarin and Cantonese were the most commonly spoken non-English, non-Spanish languages in the U.S., with over 3.4 million speakers across the country.
Listed below are the top 10 languages spoken at home in the United States that are not English:
| Language | Estimated Population | Share of Foreign Language Speakers |
|---|---|---|
| Spanish | 41,757,000 | 61.6% |
| Cantonese and Mandarin | 3,495,000 | 5.2% |
| Tagalog | 1,764,000 | 2.6% |
| Vietnamese | 1,571,000 | 2.3% |
| Arabic | 1,260,000 | 1.9% |
| French and Louisiana French | 1,172,000 | 1.7% |
| Korean | 1,075,000 | 1.6% |
| Russian | 1,075,000 | 1.4% |
| Haitian Creole Korean | 925,000 | 1.4% |
| German | 895,000 | 1.3% |
Despite being the top language in Nevada, Tagalog is spoken by 1.7 million people and is the second most popular language in American homes, after English/Spanish. It is not surprising that French is commonly spoken in Louisiana and the states bordering eastern Canada.
Religion
The USA is a secular country, therefore there is a clear division between the state and religious organizations. The firm belief in religious freedom, which highlights individuals' right to freely practice any religion of their choice without showing preference, is crucial for the functioning of society. The First Amendment is explicit in stating that Congress cannot pass laws regarding religion's establishment or the free exercise of religion. Ultimately, many pluralists strongly believe that various religious organizations should have the freedom to practice and nurture their beliefs or perspectives alongside the broader community.
Even with the wide range of religions in the country, Christianity is often linked to American nationalism and patriotism. Instances of this include the saying God Bless America or the statement "In God We Trust" found on currency. Two instances of important American holidays where the combination of religion and patriotism can be celebrated are the Fourth of July and Thanksgiving. Religious belief is not a category on the US census. To determine the religious composition of the country, numerous organizations have conducted surveys. Christianity is the most prevalent religious group, making up 70.6% of the population, as reported by Pew Research Center in 2014. 5.9% of individuals were reported as following a non-Christian faith: 1.9% were Jewish, 0.9% were Muslim, 0.7% were Buddhist, and 0.7% were Hindu. 1 The rest of the population, totaling 22.8%, consists of atheists (3.1%) and agnostics (4.0%), and are categorized as unaffiliated.
The religiously unaffiliated also impact the range and diversity of America's religious scene. During the early 1990s, the Public Religion Research Institute believes that the number of people without religious affiliation, such as atheists and agnostics, has tripled, comprising almost a quarter of the population at 22.8%. 3 Atheist authors in America, such as Richard Dawkins and Sam Harris, initiated the "New Atheism" movement. American atheism, especially New Atheists, is most prominent on major internet platforms. Reddit, a central location for atheists in the USA and globally, hosts one of the biggest atheist groups (approximately 2 million members).
International students of the United States are provided with health insurance coverage for emergency medical treatment expenses. It offers financial protection for illnesses and accidents, covering expenses for treatment by hospitals and doctors. International students must buy their own international student health insurance. It includes a policy for F1 Visa students, J1 Visa scholars and students, F1-OPT holders, and F2/J2 Dependents. International health insurance can range from $500 to more than $1700 per year. On average, students who are younger than 25 will need to budget between 30 and 140 dollars each month.
The price of healthcare coverage in the United States
Despite the reputation of expensive health insurance in the USA, international student plans generally offer more affordable options. The expenses for international students younger than 25 can range from $30 to $140 per month, depending on the level purchased, but older students face significantly higher costs. Individuals can expect to allocate around $300 monthly for these policies meant for traditional students when they reach 40 years old. The type of coverage required will determine whether a major medical or travel medical insurance plan would be more advantageous for them.
International student insurance policies typically do not cover wellness or preventative care, such as annual check-ups, as they are meant for unexpected illnesses or injuries. Vision and dental services are frequently not covered at all, while pre-existing conditions might be included after a waiting period of 6 to 12 months, depending on the plan. Make sure you check out our article about Student Insurance Myths and Realities to clear up any lingering misunderstandings.
What is not covered by the health insurance plans for international students?
Typically, international student health insurance plans do not cover preventative care like annual check-ups, as they focus on addressing newly identified health issues or unexpected injuries. Vision and dental services are frequently not covered at all, while pre-existing conditions may become eligible for coverage after a 6- to 12-month waiting period depending on the plan.
What is the process for international students to get health insurance in the USA?
When selecting the best health insurance plan, it is important to take into account the following factors:
- The sub-limit on your health insurance.
- This is basically the maximum the plan will cover for a specific medical procedure and hospital stay. This will decide how much of the medical cost will be paid by the healthcare provider and how much you will need to pay out of pocket. It can be displayed as either a percentage or a minimum cost.
- The place where you purchase health insurance
- At times, international students may desire to obtain a health insurance plan under their own name from a provider. Despite appearing more attractive, obtaining health insurance in the US is easier due to its increased accessibility.
- Despite its lack of attractiveness, purchasing health insurance in the US is the easier option due to faster claim processing and hospitals being able to bill your provider directly for your treatment expenses.
- If you bought your health insurance from an international company, you may need to cover the cost of your treatment in advance before seeking reimbursement. This might not occur every time.
- The school's requirements
- Examine factors such as coverage, policy maximum, and so on.
Prerequisites for obtaining health coverage in the United States
Universities utilizing a waiver form will specifically require you to buy insurance that meets the specified criteria below:
- Adequate policy at its highest level. Students are frequently asked to purchase insurance with a minimum policy limit of $50,000.
- Schools often require a minimum deductible per illness or insurance term to minimize students' expenses.
- Protection for psychological well-being. The addition of this criterion was made by universities to guarantee the emotional and physical well-being of their students.
- Protection for mothers during pregnancy and after childbirth. Female students should receive sufficient maternity coverage, ensuring that at least 80% of their prenatal, birth, and postpartum requirements are covered by providers within the network.
- Protection for existing medical conditions. It is necessary to incorporate existing health issues like diabetes into your insurance coverage.
- Insurance for bringing back deceased individuals' bodies to their home country. In the event of your death, repatriation coverage provides your family with financial assistance to transport your body back to your native country.
What is the significance of obtaining health insurance?
- In the US, foreign students may be required to have health insurance to enroll in college, even if they do not need an F1 visa. This criterion for having adequate health insurance coverage has been set by the university, not by US law. It is important to verify if overseas students need health insurance with the university you intend to attend.
- Health insurance is essential as a safety net. Health insurance is offered to assist with costs that may be too expensive for individuals to cover independently in the event of unforeseen illness or injury.
- Medical care can come with a very steep price tag. It might cause a significant financial burden. Expenses for services such as surgery, urgent care, prescription drugs, lab tests, imaging, and evaluations can rapidly accumulate. They might be so high that they push individuals to declare bankruptcy or forgo essential treatment they can't afford to pay for upfront.
- Having health insurance means you have a policy that helps cover medical costs and understand the complicated process of medical billing, saving you from handling those expenses independently.
- The reality is that the last thing you want to worry about when you're sick, hurt, in a hospital bed, or the emergency room is paying for medical expenses. Getting health insurance before falling ill is wise as it allows you to plan for difficult financial choices.
The technology and healthcare industries offered the greatest job prospects and top salaries. International students need to be conscious of the job opportunities available in their selected field of study. In 2022, the top career fields in the USA are technology and IT, life sciences, marketing and creative, healthcare, e-commerce, retail, and business services. Based on the information provided, the most in-demand careers in the United States include law, business management, computer science, and medicine. The average salaries also show consistency across various universities.
Information Technology
Thanks to digitization and advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, the IT industry played a crucial role in the economic revival and influenced other sectors of the economy. Placements have proven to be lucrative for students studying computer science. With technology playing a larger role in the economy, the job sector for information technology has seen notable growth. Technology is extensively utilized in vital sectors such as healthcare, commerce, academic institutions, and professional fields. Analyzing data, thinking analytically, and conducting research are essential for finding a job in the information technology sector. From 2019 to 2029, there is an expected 11% growth in involvement in the IT and computer fields.
Healthcare
The healthcare sector has made great strides as a result of new technologies and higher demand for products and services from a growing and aging population. Because of the presence of new medical treatments and technologies, the healthcare sector experiences rapid growth rates. An increasing and aging population also plays a role in the growth of the healthcare industry. Because of this, the United States has bounced back from the 2008 financial crisis. Approximately 3 million positions were created within the sector from 2006 to 2016.
Real Estate
The industry of real estate development is growing as well. Infrastructure needs grow rapidly alongside population growth. Furthermore, real estate developers require additional land with the emergence of new businesses. The industry of real estate development includes more than just buying and selling property. The Census Bureau reported that the construction spending in 2019 totaled $1.365 trillion. Skills such as organization, selling, and effective communication, both verbal and nonverbal, are essential in the real estate industry.
Retail
The retail industry makes up 6% of the country's GDP. World Atlas states that the retail sector is responsible for employing 10% of the total American workforce, making it the biggest employer in the nation. Brick-and-mortar businesses and e-commerce giants such as Amazon and eBay are key contenders in this industry.
Education
One of the most sought-after career fields in the USA is education, as it plays a crucial role in enhancing the skill development of the country's upcoming workforce. Education plays a vital role in the American economy as it shapes the future workforce. In order to thrive in the educational field, employees must possess essential abilities such as collaboration, effective communication, time management, inquiry, and innovation.
Finding a job in the USA for international student
Prior to commencing your job hunt, it is essential to be aware of your visa restrictions and obligations. Allocate time for comprehending your options and their impact on your career. You can find all the necessary information on our student visa webpage.
Start Early
All job seekers must adhere to this guidance, with special emphasis on international students. Starting sooner is ideal because it will be more difficult to find a job with a company that provides work visa sponsorship if you wait too long.
Research the Situation
Familiarize yourself with the regulations and guidelines relevant to your situation. Ensure you are familiar with the different choices, deadlines for applying, and possible costs for the visas you need. The more familiar you are with these things, the more confident you will feel when applying for jobs.
Use the resources at your school
Your school definitely offers career assistance, with plenty of knowledge in helping international students transition to the US after graduation. Use that information and plan a meeting with a professional career advisor to talk about your specific situation and goals. Furthermore, it is advised to attend career fairs in order to have the opportunity to connect with recruiters. Also, make sure to check in with them to see if interviews can be arranged.
Network
About 70% of jobs are discovered through strong connections. Utilize the alumni networks within your institution to establish connections with individuals who have gone through similar experiences as you have. Familiarize yourself with your professors and even the parents of your American friends.
Keep a positive attitude and persistence
Searching for a job may feel challenging and demoralizing. You might feel like nothing is happening no matter how hard you try. At this moment, it is essential to keep going. If you demonstrate a positive attitude and confidence in your skills, employers will be more inclined to invest in you, as it will be evident in your actions.
Information for students employed in the United States
- Conduct thorough research on the employer by either visiting their website or reaching out to their offices for more details.
- Perform online research to see if you can find any articles or additional details about the company.
- Doing additional research on the organization can enhance your chances of being hired.
- Identify your characteristics, including your strong points and restrictions. If you can compile a list of these traits, you can utilize them during an interview.
- If possible, mail your resume to the company unless told otherwise. This shows that you have put in more effort and allows you to present yourself with a more refined and unique style.
- Always reach out to the company after submitting your resume for a job. Make a call after a week or two to verify if they have received your resume.
- Before an interview, it is important to practice as frequently as possible. You have the option to practice simulated questions on various reliable websites.
- Make sure to always ask for a thorough job description and a prospectus or company profile if necessary.
- Make sure to wear a business suit, keep a neat appearance, and answer questions confidently when preparing for an interview.
The United States, which is the third largest country in the world, is a huge nation. There are many different types of landscapes in such a large region. Geography involves studying locations, their interconnections, and the people who live there. Comprising one island state and various island territories, the United States constitutes a significant part of the North American continent. Canada marks its northern boundary. The US and Canada share the most extended international border. Its eastern boundary is formed by the Atlantic Ocean. Mexico and the Gulf of Mexico are situated in the southern part of the United States. The Rio Grande River forms approximately half of the US-Mexico border. Finally, the Pacific Ocean can be found on the west coast.
The country is divided into four primary geographic regions: the northeast, Midwest, south, and west. Regions are designated as groups of locations that share similarities. The tiniest region, the northeast, is completely situated within the northeastern part of the country and shares a border with Canada. You can find the Midwest region in the central north and east of the country. The northeast and Midwest regions are located directly below the south region. The biggest area is the western region, comprising all territories located to the west of the Midwest and south.
Climate
The majority of areas have a moderate climate, while Hawaii and Florida have tropical climates, Alaska has polar climates, the semi-arid regions are located west of the Mississippi River, and the arid Great Basin is in the southwest. Occasionally, warm chinook winds from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains help alleviate low winter temperatures in the northwest during January and February.
Terrain
Geographic characteristics consist of a large central plain, mountains to the west, hills and low mountains to the east, rugged mountains and broad river valleys in Alaska, and a rugged, volcanic terrain in Hawaii.
Natural Resources
Examples of natural resources include coal, copper, lead, molybdenum, phosphates, rare earth elements, uranium, bauxite, gold, iron, mercury, nickel, potash, silver, tungsten, zinc, petroleum, natural gas, and lumber.
The US boasts the world's largest coal reserves, accounting for 27% of global reserves with 491 billion short tons.
Natural Hazards
California experiences landslides, forest fires occur in the western states, flooding is common, permafrost in northern Alaska hinders development, tsunamis, volcanoes, earthquakes, hurricanes in the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico, tornadoes in the Midwest and Southeast, and hurricanes.
Volcanism
Volcanic activity has been observed in the Hawaiian Islands, Western Alaska, the Pacific Northwest, and the Northern Mariana Islands. Both Mount Rainier (4,392 m) in Washington and Mauna Loa (4,170 m) in Hawaii have been named Decade Volcanoes by the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior due to their history of being highly active and their close proximity to human populations. Pavlof, the tallest volcano in Alaska's Aleutian Arc at 2,519 meters, is a significant threat to air travel due to its location on a major flight route from North America to East Asia; St. Helens, known for its destructive 1980 eruption, remains active; numerous historically active volcanoes, primarily in the Aleutian arc and Hawaii, are also present.
Environmental Problems
Environmental issues in the US and Canada involve acid rain caused by air pollution, fossil fuel combustion, water contamination from chemicals, limited freshwater resources in the west that require conservation, and the process of desertification.
Top destinations to explore in the United States
- Wyoming is famous for Yellowstone National Park, which is both the oldest and most visited national park.
- Montana is famous for its rugged mountains and Glacier National Park, offering opportunities for a half-day fishing excursion.
- California/Nevada offer iconic resorts and Lake Tahoe's relaxing spas, along with mountain biking, hiking, and skiing amidst snow-covered mountains, as well as the notable Joshua Tree National Park.
- Utah is well-known for Bryce Canyon National Park, known for its stony pinnacles that provide a unique and distinct feature.
- Arizona is home to the stunning Grand Canyon as well as the fourth most beautiful spot known as the Monument Valley.
- Louisiana is the Atchafalaya swamp
- South Dakota is home to Badlands National Park.
- Massachusetts is the region known as the Berkshires
- Tennessee's Cades Cove area
- Florida is home to the Everglades.
- Alaska features Glacier Bay National Park, the Alps Mountain, and Kenji Fjords.
- Colorado boasts stunning sand mountains, giant dunes, serene hanging lakes, and iconic maroon bells.
- Oregon boasts the stunning Multnomah Falls.
- New Mexico is the home for White Sands National Park.
